Full Citation
Title: Assessing Changes in Adolescents' Sleep Characteristics and Dietary Quality in the START Study, a Natural Experiment on Delayed School Start Time Policies
Citation Type: Journal Article
Publication Year: 2021
ISBN:
ISSN: 1541-6100
DOI: 10.1093/JN/NXAB169
NSFID:
PMCID:
PMID: 34087941
Abstract: Background: Sleep duration, quality, and timing may influence dietary quality. In adults, poor dietary quality is a risk factor for numerous chronic diseases. It is unclear how these various sleep domains influence adolescents' diets because prior population-based studies have not effectively manipulated sleep, did not include objective sleep measures, and had short follow-up times. Objectives: The objectives of this study were to examine 1) how adolescent sleep characteristics relate to dietary quality; and 2) how delay in high school start times (which lengthened sleep duration) affects dietary quality over 2 y. Methods: In the START study, adolescents (grades 9-11, n = 423) attending 5 high schools in the Minneapolis, Minnesota metropolitan area were annually assessed in 3 waves (2016-2018). At Baseline, all schools started "early"(07:30 or 07:45). From Follow-up 1 through Follow-up 2, 2 "policy change schools"shifted to later start times (to 08:20 and 08:50). Three "comparison schools"maintained their early start throughout. Sleep characteristics were measured with actigraphy. Mixed-effect regression models were used to examine cross-sectional and longitudinal associations of sleep characteristics with dietary quality, and school start time policy change with dietary quality change. Results: Cross-sectionally, later sleep midpoint and onset were associated with dietary quality scores 1.6-1.7 lower (both P < 0.05). However, no prospective associations were observed between sleep characteristics and dietary quality in longitudinal models. Shifting to later school start time tended to be associated with a 2.4-point increase in dietary quality score (P = 0.09) at Follow-up 1, but was not associated with change in dietary quality scores at Follow-up 2 (P = 0.35). Conclusions: High school students attending delayed-start schools maintained better dietary quality than students in comparison schools; however, differences were not statistically significant. Overall study findings highlight the complexity of the relation between sleep behavior and diet in adolescence.
Url: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34087941/
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Authors: Full, Kelsie M.; Berger, Aaron T.; Erickson, Darin; Berry, Kaitlyn M.; Laska, Melissa N.; Lenk, Kathleen M.; Iber, Conrad; Redline, Susan; Widome, Rachel
Periodical (Full): The Journal of nutrition
Issue: 9
Volume: 151
Pages: 2808-2815
Countries: