Full Citation
Title: Are there bi-directional associations between depressive symptoms and C-reactive protein in mid-life women?
Citation Type: Journal Article
Publication Year: 2010
ISBN:
ISSN: 1090-2139
DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2009.08.005
NSFID:
PMCID:
PMID: 19683568
Abstract: OBJECTIVE To test whether depressive symptoms are related to subsequent C-reactive protein (CRP) levels and/or whether CRP levels are related to subsequent depressive symptoms in mid-life women. METHODS Women enrolled in the Study of Women's Health Across the Nation (SWAN) were followed for 7years and had measures of CES-Depression scores and CRP seven times during the follow-up period. Women were pre- or early peri-menopausal at study entry and were of Caucasian, African American, Hispanic, Japanese, or Chinese race/ethnicity. Analyses were restricted to initially healthy women. RESULTS Longitudinal mixed linear regression models adjusting for age, race, site, time between exams, and outcome variable at year X showed that higher CES-D scores predicted higher subsequent CRP levels and vice versa over a 7-year period. Full multivariate models adjusting for body mass index, physical activity, medications, health conditions, and other covariates showed that higher CRP levels at year X predicted higher CES-D scores at year X+1, p=0.03. Higher depressive symptoms predicted higher subsequent CRP levels at marginally significant levels, p=0.10. CONCLUSIONS Higher CRP levels led to higher subsequent depressive symptoms, albeit the effect was small. The study demonstrates the importance of considering bi-directional relationships for depression and other psychosocial factors and risk for heart disease.
Url: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19683568
Url: http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?artid=PMC2844108
User Submitted?: No
Authors: Matthews, Karen A; Schott, Laura L; Bromberger, Joyce T; Cyranowski, Jill; Everson-Rose, Susan A; Sowers, Mary Fran
Periodical (Full): Brain, behavior, and immunity
Issue: 1
Volume: 24
Pages: 96-101
Countries: