MPC Member Publications

This database contains a listing of population studies publications written by MPC Members. Anyone can add a publication by an MPC student, faculty, or staff member to this database; new citations will be reviewed and approved by MPC administrators.

Full Citation

Title: Impact of a combined pediatric and adult pneumococcal immunization program on adult pneumonia incidence and mortality in Nicaragua

Citation Type: Journal Article

Publication Year: 2015

ISSN: 0264-410X

DOI: 10.1016/J.VACCINE.2014.10.073

Abstract: BACKGROUND In 2010, Nicaragua implemented an adult immunization program with the 23-valent pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine (PPSV-23) and a pediatric immunization program with the 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV-13). We assessed incidence rates of ambulatory visits and hospitalizations for pneumonia and pneumonia-related mortality in adults over the age of 50 years before and after the program's implementation in the Department of León, Nicaragua. METHODS We collected visit diagnoses from all 107 public health facilities between 2008 and 2012 in León. We compared incidence rates of ambulatory visits for pneumonia, pneumonia hospitalizations, and pneumonia-related mortality in the pre-vaccine (2008–2009) and vaccine (2011–2012) periods among older adults using Poisson regression with generalized estimating equations (GEE), controlling for age group, municipality, and proportions of adults who were immunized against influenza. Exposure time was estimated by official municipality population estimates. RESULTS We did not observe lower incidence rates of ambulatory visits or hospitalizations for pneumonia among adults during the vaccine period versus the pre-vaccine period. However, pneumonia-related mortality was lower in the vaccine period versus the pre-vaccine period, with an adjusted incidence rate ratio (IRRa) of 0.73 (0.56, 0.94) among adults aged 50–64 years, and 0.55 (0.43, 0.70) among adults aged ≥65 years. CONCLUSIONS These early results following introduction of a combined pediatric and adult pneumococcal immunization program in Nicaragua show a probable impact of the program on the reduction of pneumonia-related deaths in older adults, but a less clear impact on the reduction of health facility visits for pneumonia.

Url: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0264410X14014637

User Submitted?: No

Authors: Becker-Dreps, Sylvia; Amaya, Erick; Liu, Lan; Rocha, Julio; Briceño, Rafaela; Moreno, Gilberto; Alemán, Jorge; Hudgens, Michael G.; Woods, Christopher W.; Weber, David J.

Periodical (Full): Vaccine

Issue: 1

Volume: 33

Pages: 222-227

Countries:

IPUMS NHGIS NAPP IHIS ATUS Terrapop